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At the union of Upper and Lower Canada in 1841, the division of responsibilities between the offices of Civil Secretary and of Provincial Secretary and registrar was clarified, confirming an evolutionary trend. Where the Civil Secretary had been the principal channel of communication for the government before the Union, after 1841 the Provincial Secretary's office was the focus. This evolution in the bureaucracy paralleled and reflected the development of responsible government in the political arena.

While the office of the Civil Secretary to the Governor was unified in 1841, that of the Provincial Secretary and Registrar continued a separation based on geography. The old territory of Lower Canada was now termed Canada East and the old Upper Canada, Canada West. Parallel record-keeping systems were established by the Provincial Secretaries, using a numbered file registry system.

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The origin of Canada Steamship Lines lies with the Richelieu & Ontario Navigation Company, founded in 1845. One of the largest fleets existing in Canada in the nineteenth century, the company prospered, expanding to eighteen vessels operating between Toronto and Quebec.

In 1912-1913, the Richelieu & Ontario Navigation Company, Canada Interlake Lines, Ontario and Quebec Navigation Company, Lake Ontario and Bay of Quinte Steamboat Company, the Quebec Steamship Company, the Inland Lines and the Wolvin Lines came together under the leadership of Messrs. Anglin, Wolvin, Norcross and Enderby resulting in a mixed fleet of passemger ships and freighters which included such well-known vessels as the Noronic, Toiler and Turbinia. A peaceful corporate adjustment to the merger was not to be. Just one year after its formation participation in World War I cost the firm sixteen ships.

Under the stewardship of W.H. Coverdale, the firm regrouped after the war and was revitalized by the acquisition of both the Montreal Transportation Company and the Davie Shipbuilding and Repair Company and in 1925-1926 the Playfair company and the vessels of George Hall Shipping Ltd. were also acquired, creating a world-class fleet. By 1927 the CSL fleet consisted of 115 ships including twenty-three passenger vessels. The corporation then changed direction and abandoned ocean trade in favor of concentration on lake shipping. Many of the company's vessels and personnel were retired as a result of the Depression and throughout World War II the company lost six of its fleet. The War, however, also allowed the firm an expanding role in shipping iron ore from upper Lake Superior to to the steel mills and munition plants of central Canada and the United States.

After the war the company's passenger service was discontinued in favor of a concentration on freight alone. Under the leadership of T.R. McLagan, an engineer, a major fleet overhaul was begun, with an emphasis on technical innovation and efficiency rather than fleet expansion. With the opening of the St. Lawrence Seaway in 1959, this technological refit was given new impetus and a twenty year building program was begun. Under the aegis of Power Corporation (1975) and L.R. Desmarais innovation continued to be the company's hallmark. In 1981 Power Corporation sold CSL to Paul Martin Jr., who consolidated his holdings in 1988 as Paul Martin Passage Holdings.Today CSL is one of the world's leading inland shippers.

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Canada Souvenir Cards was a printer.

The Ship Registration Division is responsible for general administration and policy development with respect to all matters affecting the registration of vessels in Canada.

A wide range of statistical reports were supplied by the Lieutenant Governor to the Colonial Office and to the Legislature. These reports were based on data collected by the Civil Secretary and by the Provincial Secretary and Registrar. By 1821, reporting practices had formalized; the Blue Books of Statistics were produced annually thereafter. The Civil Secretary was responsible for preparing reports enclosed in despatches to the Colonial Office. From 1832 onward, however, the Provincial Secretary was responsible for preparing the Blue Books. After the union of Upper and Lower Canada, the Board of Registration and Statistics, composed of the Provincial Secretary, the Receiver General and the Inspector General, took over the task.
As a result of the prominence of agricultural statistics, the Minister of Agriculture was appointed chairman of the Board of Registration and Statistics, created in 1847. Among its other responsibiliti es, the Board conducted decennial censuses (Hodgetts, pp. 238-239). In 1852, the Bureau of Agriculture and Statistics was created. It exercised loose supervision of voluntary agricultural societies, and extended grants to these societies, by means of Boards of Agriculture for both Canada West and Canada East (16 Vic., Chap. 11). As formally constituted by statute in 1868, the post-Confederation Department of Agriculture was responsible for statistics and the census. (31 Vic., Chap. 53). In 1912, responsibility for the census and statistics was transferred to the Department of Trade and Commerce (Annual Report, 1911-1912, p. 60).

A wide range of statistical reports were supplied by the Lieutenant Governor to the Colonial Office and to the Legislature. These reports were based on data collected by the Civil Secretary and by the Provincial Secretary and Registrar. By 1821, reporting practices had formalized; the Blue Books of Statistics were produced annually thereafter. The Civil Secretary was responsible for preparing reports enclosed in despatches to the Colonial Office. From 1832 onward, however, the Provincial Secretary was responsible for preparing the Blue Books. After the union of Upper and Lower Canada, the Board of Registration and Statistics, composed of the Provincial Secretary, the Receiver General and the Inspector General, took over the task.
As a result of the prominence of agricultural statistics, the Minister of Agriculture was appointed chairman of the Board of Registration and Statistics, created in 1847. Among its other responsibiliti es, the Board conducted decennial censuses (Hodgetts, pp. 238-239). In 1852, the Bureau of Agriculture and Statistics was created. It exercised loose supervision of voluntary agricultural societies, and extended grants to these societies, by means of Boards of Agriculture for both Canada West and Canada East (16 Vic., Chap. 11). As formally constituted by statute in 1868, the post-Confederation Department of Agriculture was responsible for statistics and the census. (31 Vic., Chap. 53). In 1912, responsibility for the census and statistics was transferred to the Department of Trade and Commerce (Annual Report, 1911-1912, p. 60).

Prior to 1851, the Post Office Department in British North America was an overseas extension of the General Post Office of Great Britain. In 1849 the Imperial Parliament passed "An Act for enabling colonial legislatures to establish Inland Posts" (Gt. Brit. 12 & 13 Vic [1849], c.66). This legislation was followed in the Province of Canada by "An Act to provide for the transfer of the management of Inland Posts to the Provincial Government, and for the regulation of the said Department" (13 & 14 Vic. [1850]). Similar legislation was passed in New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island, and control of the Post Office passed to those Colonial governments in 1851.

With Confederation in 1867, the post office departments in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia were amalgamated with that of Ontario and Québec and new legislation, "An Act for the regulation of the postal service (31 Vic.[1867], c.10) was passed. When British Columbia, Prince Edward Island, and much later, Newfoundland, joined Canada, the existing colonial postal administration was absorbed by the larger Canadian administration. The Post Office Department continued as a government department until 1981, when it became a Crown Corporation called the Canada Post Corporation.